GCC Fitness to Practise: Complete Guide for Chiropractors
How the General Chiropractic Council handles complaints about chiropractors. This guide covers five years of outcomes, which show that half of all hearings end with no finding, the ten allegations chiropractors face most, and how a complaint moves through the Investigating Committee to a hearing. It also explains the two kinds of interim suspension, sanctions and the 2026 draft sanctions guidance, insurance, the new Code that took effect in January 2026, the rules on claims and subluxation, CPD, the new mediation pilot and the support available.
Reviewed October 2026 against the Chiropractors Act 1994, the GCC Fitness to Practise Annual Report 2025, the Code of Professional Practice (in force 1 January 2026), subluxation guidance, the draft Sanctions Guidance (June 2026), the PSA's 2024-25 monitoring report and High Court case law
Short answer: GCC fitness to practise is the process the General Chiropractic Council uses to decide whether an allegation against a chiropractor is well founded. It received 78 complaints in 2025. The Investigating Committee decides whether there is a case to answer, and in 2025 it closed 78% of cases and referred 22% to the Professional Conduct Committee, or the Health Committee for health matters. A referral is far from a finding: over 2021 to 2025, half of all hearing outcomes were "not well founded". If an allegation is well founded, the committee must impose one of four sanctions: admonishment, conditions of practice or suspension (each up to three years), or removal. Cases are slow, with a median of 121 weeks to a hearing decision in 2025.
Key takeaways
- Most complaints are about treatment itself: the technique, excessive or contraindicated treatment, rough treatment causing pain or injury, and not stopping or referring when you should.
- You have 28 days to send observations to the Investigating Committee, which closes most cases.
- Half of hearings between 2021 and 2025 ended with the allegation not well founded, so a referral is worth defending properly.
- A new Code of Professional Practice took effect on 1 January 2026, alongside guidance that the subluxation complex cannot be claimed as a cause of disease.
- Practising without indemnity cover can lead to removal by the Registrar or be treated as unacceptable professional conduct.
Chiropractic is one of nine professions with its own statutory regulator in the UK; our UK fitness to practise guide sets out how the others compare.
A referral is not a finding: five years of outcomes
The single most useful fact for a chiropractor facing a hearing is how often the GCC's own cases fail. Its annual report sets out every Professional Conduct Committee outcome since 2021:
| Year | Not well founded | No evidence offered | Admonishment | Conditions | Suspension | Removal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 6 | - | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 2022 | 5 | - | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2023 | 6 | - | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| 2024 | 6 | - | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2025 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Source: GCC Fitness to Practise Annual Report 2025. The Health Committee also suspended one chiropractor for 12 months in December 2025.
Across the five years, 26 of 52 outcomes were "not well founded", and in 2025 the GCC offered no evidence in three more cases. Only five chiropractors were removed in five years. These figures do not mean a hearing is harmless. Cases take years, and the process itself is stressful and public. But they show that the committee tests the evidence closely, and that many referred cases end without any finding against the chiropractor. The threshold for "unacceptable professional conduct" is high: the courts have described it as conduct that carries moral blameworthiness, a test explained in our GOsC guide, where the same statutory wording applies.
Who the GCC regulates
The GCC regulates 4,041 chiropractors across the UK, up 4.3% in 2025. Under section 32 of the Chiropractors Act 1994, it is a criminal offence for anyone who is not registered to describe themselves, "expressly or by implication", as a chiropractor, chiropractic practitioner, chiropractitioner, chiropractic physician "or any other kind of chiropractor". In 2025 the GCC reviewed and closed 33 such complaints and carried 8 into 2026. If you are removed, continuing to call yourself a chiropractor can itself be prosecuted.
The GCC cannot order refunds or compensation, resolve business, employment or premises disputes, or deal with general complaints about how a clinic is run. Complaints about inaccurate advertising go to the Advertising Standards Authority, and data protection concerns to the Information Commissioner's Office.
The 7-day rule: what you must tell the GCC
The GCC sets a short, fixed deadline for self-reporting. "You must notify us within 7 days" of:
- any criminal conviction, caution, reprimand, warning or fixed penalty notice, except road traffic fixed penalties that did not lead to a disqualification
- being arrested or charged, where criminal proceedings are ongoing
The consequence of missing it is automatic. If you notify the GCC more than 7 days after the conviction, caution or other outcome, the case is referred to the Investigating Committee "whatever the offence". A minor matter reported late can therefore become a fitness to practise case in its own right. Use the Notification of Criminal Offences form, and send details of the offence, a statement about the circumstances and any mitigation, and an up-to-date DBS check. Our guide to self-referral explains how to write the statement, and our guide to failure to disclose shows what happens when it is not made.
You also cannot simply leave the register to avoid a complaint. Voluntary removal is only available "as long as there are no current fitness to practise proceedings against you", and you must make a statutory declaration that you know of no matter that could lead to an allegation.
Who complains and what about
Source: GCC Fitness to Practise Annual Report 2025. The 78 complaints in 2025 concerned 75 chiropractors.
Patients or their relatives made 41 of the 78 complaints in 2025 (53%). Patient complaints did not rise much. The increase came from other healthcare professionals, anonymous complainants and self-referrals, and the GCC says it has "not been able to discern a clear reason for the increase". The ten allegations it saw most often in 2025 were:
- Concerns about treatment techniques or approach, or dissatisfaction with treatment
- Inappropriate, contraindicated or excessive treatment, or a lack of clinical justification
- Rough or aggressive treatment causing injury or pain
- Misdiagnosis or no diagnosis
- Working outside the limits of your knowledge, skills and competence
- Failing to stop treatment
- Failing to refer when appropriate
- Inadequate assessment or case history
- Sexual boundaries, including inappropriate contact with intimate areas
- An inappropriate personal or sexual relationship with a patient
Eight of the ten are about clinical judgement: what you did, how hard, for how long, and whether you stopped or referred in time. Clear assessment, a documented treatment plan with review points, and a record of consent for each technique answer most of them. Our guide to records and probity explains what good records look like.
Related courseChiropractor Professionalism: assessment, consent and the 2026 Code→The legal grounds
Section 20(1) of the Chiropractors Act 1994 allows four kinds of allegation: conduct that falls short of the standard required of a registered chiropractor, known as unacceptable professional conduct (UPC); professional incompetence; a criminal conviction in the UK "at any time"; and that your ability to practise "is seriously impaired because of his physical or mental condition". For a conviction, the Investigating Committee can find no case to answer if the offence has no material relevance to your fitness to practise.
How a GCC complaint moves
- 1
Complaint and early options
The GCC checks whether the complaint is within its powers. Since September 2026, some suitable complaints can go to the free Chiropractic Complaints Mediation Service pilot, run independently by Nockolds Resolution. Concerns about patient safety or serious misconduct stay in fitness to practise.
- 2
Investigation and your observations
The GCC gathers records and statements, often with early clinical advice. The Investigating Committee must invite your observations within 28 days of notice of the allegation being sent to you.
- 3
Investigating Committee
It decides whether there is a case to answer. In 2025 it made 81 decisions: 63 no case to answer (78%) and 18 referrals (22%). The median time from complaint was 50 weeks.
- 4
Professional Conduct Committee or Health Committee
A hearing decides the facts, whether the allegation is well founded, and any sanction. The median time from complaint to a hearing decision was 121 weeks in 2025. See our guide to what happens at a hearing.
The GCC's own published learning stresses cooperation. In one case, a chiropractor took more than four months to provide requested patient records. Standard B9 of the Code says: "You must cooperate with the GCC when asked for information." Slow or missing responses are a separate concern on top of the original complaint. Our guide to writing your response explains how to set out your observations.
Two kinds of interim suspension
The Chiropractors Act gives two separate powers to suspend you before a case is decided. Both require the committee to be satisfied it is "necessary to do so in order to protect members of the public", and you can appear, argue against it and be legally represented.
Investigating Committee
An interim suspension of no more than two months while it investigates. It can make only one order per allegation, and none once the case has been referred to a hearing.
Professional Conduct or Health Committee
An interim suspension that lasts until the allegation is decided, or through any appeal after a suspension or removal. You can appeal it to the court within 28 days, and the court's decision is final.
In 2025 there were seven interim suspension hearings, and four orders were made against three chiropractors. The median time from information suggesting a risk to the hearing was nine weeks. Our guide to interim and substantive suspension explains how to prepare.
What a GCC hearing looks like
Formal hearings "take place remotely via video conference" and are open to the public. A panel of three sits: a chair, a chiropractor and a lay member. The allegations and notice of the hearing are "published on the GCC's website 28 days before the hearing". All or part of a hearing can be held in private where it involves confidential or intimate information, a child or a vulnerable adult. Witnesses can get information and support from the GCC, and you can be legally represented throughout.
Sanctions and the 2026 draft guidance
If an allegation of conduct or incompetence is well founded, section 22(4) says the committee "shall take one of the following steps":
Admonishment
Under the 2026 draft guidance, only where there is no risk to the public.
Conditions of practice
Up to three years, including any extension.
Suspension
Up to three years, usually with a review before it ends.
Removal
You can apply to be restored after ten months.
The Health Committee can only impose conditions or suspension. The GCC consulted from 29 June to 16 August 2026 on a new edition of its Sanctions Guidance, replacing the 2018 version and updated for the 2026 Code. The draft says:
- "The main reason for imposing sanctions is to protect the public", not to punish.
- Insight means showing you "understand why the conduct arose", and "an expression of remorse or an apology does not necessarily demonstrate insight".
- Dishonesty is "particularly serious" even without patient harm, and competence "cannot mitigate serious or persistent dishonesty".
- For serious sexual misconduct, "it will be highly likely that the only proportionate sanction" is removal.
- "No chiropractor should be allowed to resume unrestricted practice" after suspension or conditions without the committee being satisfied they are safe.
You can appeal a Professional Conduct Committee decision to the High Court, the Court of Session in Scotland or the High Court in Northern Ireland within 28 days of notice of the decision being served. If you are removed, you can apply for restoration after ten months, and the Professional Conduct Committee decides. Our guides to insight and evidence of remediation explain what committees look for.
Insurance: a breach the Registrar can act on directly
Section 37 of the Chiropractors Act requires every registered chiropractor to "have in force in relation to him an indemnity arrangement" giving suitable cover. A failure is unusual in how it can be handled. Under section 37(10), the Registrar may remove you from the register, or the failure "may be treated as unacceptable professional conduct" and referred to the fitness to practise process.
Professional Standards Authority v General Chiropractic Council and Briggs [2014] EWHC 2190 (Admin)
What happened. A chiropractor working in two clinics in Fife treated patients in 2012 while registered as non-practising and without indemnity insurance. The proposed amended charge referred to around 150 to 180 patients. The Professional Conduct Committee found unacceptable professional conduct, described it as "a pattern of irresponsible behaviour", and suspended him for six months with no review. Dishonesty had never been alleged.
The outcome. On 16 July 2014 Mrs Justice Lang allowed the PSA's appeal. She held it was "a serious error" not to allege dishonesty, because "an allegation of dishonesty ought to be pleaded in the charge if it is to be relied upon". The sanction was also unduly lenient, mainly because there was no review. The case was sent back to a fresh panel.
The lesson: treating patients while uninsured, and while declaring yourself non-practising, can be charged as dishonesty, not just a lapse. A short, lenient outcome can also be reopened by the PSA. Keep your registration status and cover aligned, and stop practising the moment cover lapses.
Treating a young child: what parents were told
What happened. Parents brought their one-year-old daughter to a chiropractor, who diagnosed hypermobility. They alleged they were told the condition would cause arthritis in her twenties, that she should be discouraged from walking, and that she should avoid dancing and gymnastics. They complained after a consultant paediatrician raised concerns about what they had been told. The appointments took place during the pandemic, with everyone wearing masks, and the chiropractor had been wrongly told the mother's first language was not English.
The outcome. The Professional Conduct Committee found insufficient evidence that the statements were made, so there was no unacceptable professional conduct. The GCC still published the case as a learning point.
The lesson: when you discuss long-term consequences, especially for babies and children, pace the information, check what has been understood, and consider a written summary and a chance to ask questions later. A clear written record of what you said is also what protects you when accounts differ. The GCC suggests the SPIKES framework for delivering difficult news.
The new Code of Professional Practice
A new Code of Professional Practice, published in December 2024, took effect on 1 January 2026 and replaced the 2016 Code. The PSA commended its patient-centred principles. Every complaint about events from 2026 onwards will be judged against it. It is organised in six themes:
- Professional boundaries
- Communication
- Running a business
- Clinical practice: safety and quality
- Clinical practice: delivery of care
- Personal development
"Running a business" is a theme of its own, so advertising, delegation and how your clinic operates are part of your professional responsibilities. The GCC also overhauled its professional boundaries guidance after consultation in 2025. Events before 2026 are judged against the 2016 Code that applied at the time.
Related courseChiropractor Ethics: boundaries, claims and patient trust→Claims, advertising and the subluxation complex
Claims about what chiropractic can treat have long been a source of complaints. New GCC guidance on the subluxation complex has applied since 1 January 2026. It says the chiropractic vertebral subluxation complex "is an historical concept, but it remains a theoretical model", and "is not supported by any clinical research evidence that would allow claims to be made that it is the cause of disease".
Advertising (C5)
All information must be "factual, verifiable, does not mislead" and must not exploit patients' "vulnerability or lack of health knowledge".
Delegated marketing
If someone else writes your website or adverts, "the accountability sits with you".
Evidence-based care (D11)
Use "evidence-based practice to select and implement safe, appropriate, care", and support patients to self-manage.
An annual confirmation
Each year, to stay registered, you confirm you are keeping up to date with the GCC's supplementary guidance.
Guidance is expected to be followed "unless there is a good reason not to do so", and in a fitness to practise case the Code and guidance are considered together. Review your website, social media and patient leaflets against it now. Our guide to conflicts of interest covers selling treatment plans and products.
Care plans, reassessment and X-rays
Long treatment plans and imaging are two areas where chiropractic practice is scrutinised closely, and both now have specific standards.
A 24-session care plan that was not reviewed
What happened. A patient with dizziness, vertigo, nausea and neck pain was put on a plan of 24 sessions over three to four months, with reassessments at visits 12 and 24. After the early sessions the patient reported worse symptoms, including severe tinnitus, but there was no reassessment for eight more appointments. When the patient said a doctor had diagnosed Ménière's disease, the plan was not changed. An expert criticised inconsistent tests, no follow-up of a high blood pressure reading, no cranial nerve testing and heavy reliance on thermographic scans. A leaflet and the chiropractor's explanation described health problems as caused by a "subluxation", which the patient understood as "a blockage between my brain and body", and videos claimed chiropractic was effective for Ménière's disease.
The outcome. The Professional Conduct Committee found unacceptable professional conduct on the care plan and the subluxation claims. The videos were misleading, but not serious enough on their own. He was suspended for four months, with his apology, his having stopped using the leaflet and the lack of actual harm counting in mitigation.
The lesson: a care plan is a hypothesis, not a contract. Under the 2026 Code you must "continuously monitor and record the patient's progress towards their planned health outcomes" (standard D9), reassess at regular intervals with recognised outcome measures, and agree and record any change with the patient.
The GCC's Diagnostic Imaging Guidance, in force from 1 January 2026, sets the rules for X-rays. You must comply with the Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 2017 in whatever role you hold, and imaging must follow a detailed case history and examination. Each exposure needs "sufficient net benefit", with doses "as low as reasonably practicable". Routine, pre-scheduled repeat imaging "is likely to be considered rarely appropriate", and repeat X-rays "must be justified on clear clinical indications". The guidance warns against emphasising "age-related degenerative changes or mild postural deviations", or using common findings to justify extended care. You must record the history, the justification, the patient's consent and your evaluation of the images.
Touch, consent and boundaries
Two of the ten most common allegations are about sexual boundaries, and several others turn on whether the patient understood and agreed to what was done. In a manual therapy, the safest practice is to explain each technique and its risks before you use it, to check consent again before touching anywhere sensitive, to offer a chaperone, and to record all of this. Stop if the patient asks or shows discomfort: "failing to stop treatment" is itself one of the top ten allegations. See our guide to professional boundaries in healthcare.
Related courseChaperone and Professional Boundaries: safe examinations→CPD requirements
Every year you must "undertake and record at least 30 hours of CPD activity in accordance with your plan", of which "15 hours or more constitutes learning with others", such as seminars, workshops or a live, interactive webinar. CPD must focus "on patient care, not developing your business". You also complete:
- a focused reflection on a topic set by the GCC each year, answering four reflection questions
- a reflective learning statement on your most significant learning activity of the year
- an evaluation of how effective your learning has been
Given the complaints data, CPD on assessment, red flags, referral, consent and the 2026 Code is both a requirement and protection. The GCC's reflection questions work best when you write about a real case, as our guide to reflective accounts shows.
Five-year trends: referrals and delay
| Year | Investigating Committee decisions | Referred to a hearing | Median weeks to IC decision | Median weeks to PCC decision |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 82 | 9 (11%) | - | - |
| 2022 | 60 | 12 (20%) | 48 | 94 |
| 2023 | 52 | 10 (19%) | 58 | 102 |
| 2024 | 58 | 9 (16%) | 57 | 123 |
| 2025 | 81 | 18 (22%) | 50 | 121 |
Source: GCC Fitness to Practise Annual Report 2025. Medians are measured from receipt of the complaint.
Two trends stand out. The share of cases sent to a hearing doubled from 11% in 2021 to 22% in 2025, and the time to a hearing decision rose from 94 weeks in 2022 to more than two years. If your case is referred, expect it to take that long and plan your remediation and evidence over that period. Early investigation is getting quicker, with the median Investigating Committee decision falling to 50 weeks in 2025. The GCC also brings in clinical advisers earlier in investigations.
Performance and what is changing
PSA review 2024-25
The PSA's monitoring report, published in September 2025, found the GCC met 17 of 18 standards. It did not meet standard 15 on the time taken to progress fitness to practise cases, which the PSA called an ongoing challenge.
Slower hearings
At the end of 2025, 18 cases were waiting for a hearing, up from 8. Sixteen open cases were older than a year, and two older than three years. The GCC introduced a new case management system and new committee chairs, and has adopted a 2026-2030 strategy.
Support during a case
CiC careline
Since May 2025, the GCC has funded a free, independent and confidential service run by CiC. It offers a 24/7 freephone careline with a qualified counsellor, up to six counselling sessions where clinically appropriate, and practical signposting, at both Investigating Committee and hearing stages. You receive the number during the process, or can ask the fitness to practise team or your professional association.
Your insurer and association
Tell your indemnity insurer and your professional association as soon as you receive a complaint. Many policies include legal support for regulatory proceedings.
If the case concerns your health, it will go to the Health Committee, which can impose conditions or suspension but not removal or admonishment. Our guide to health and fitness to practise covers that route. Samaritans can be reached free on 116 123 at any hour.
When a GCC complaint arrives
- Tell your insurer and association before you reply, and check your cover was in force when the events happened.
- Diarise the 28 days for observations, and ask for more time early if needed.
- Send records promptly when asked. Standard B9 requires cooperation, and delay becomes its own concern.
- Map the complaint to the top ten allegations. Show your assessment, clinical reasoning, consent for each technique and why you continued, stopped or referred.
- Check your advertising and website against the 2026 subluxation guidance and standard C5.
- Start targeted learning, such as a records audit, CPD on red flags and referral, and peer discussion of the case, with a written reflection.
- Use the CiC careline if the process is affecting you.
Planning a realistic timescale is covered in our guide to how long remediation takes, and more real decisions are collected in our fitness to practise case studies.
Frequently asked questions
How many complaints does the GCC receive?
78 in 2025, about 75 chiropractors, up 24% on 2024. The five-year average is 64 a year.
What do most complaints about chiropractors involve?
Treatment itself: the technique, excessive or contraindicated treatment, rough treatment causing pain or injury, misdiagnosis, not stopping treatment and not referring.
How many GCC cases go to a hearing?
In 2025 the Investigating Committee made 81 decisions and referred 18 (22%) to a hearing. The rest had no case to answer.
How often are chiropractors cleared at a hearing?
Between 2021 and 2025, 26 of 52 Professional Conduct Committee outcomes were "not well founded". In 2025 the GCC also offered no evidence in three cases.
How many chiropractors are struck off?
Five were removed between 2021 and 2025: two in 2021 and one in each of 2022, 2023 and 2024. None were removed in 2025.
How long does a GCC case take?
In 2025 the median was 50 weeks to an Investigating Committee decision and 121 weeks to a Professional Conduct Committee decision.
How long do I have to respond to a GCC complaint?
The Investigating Committee must invite your observations within 28 days of notice of the allegation being sent to you.
Can the GCC suspend me before a hearing?
Yes. The Investigating Committee can suspend you for up to two months while it investigates, and the Professional Conduct or Health Committee can suspend you until the case is decided, if necessary to protect the public.
What sanctions can the GCC impose?
Admonishment, conditions of practice for up to three years, suspension for up to three years, or removal. The Health Committee can only impose conditions or suspension.
What happens if I practise without insurance?
The Registrar can remove you from the register, or the failure can be treated as unacceptable professional conduct. If you also declared yourself non-practising, it may be charged as dishonesty.
When did the new GCC Code take effect?
On 1 January 2026, replacing the 2016 Code. It has six themes, including a separate theme on running a business.
Can chiropractors claim subluxation causes disease?
No. GCC guidance in force from 1 January 2026 says the subluxation complex is a historical concept not supported by clinical research evidence as a cause of disease.
Who deals with misleading chiropractic adverts?
The Advertising Standards Authority investigates inaccurate advertising. The GCC can also act where advertising breaches the Code.
Is it illegal to call yourself a chiropractor if not registered?
Yes. Section 32 of the Chiropractors Act makes it an offence, punishable by a fine of up to level 5 on the standard scale.
Can a removed chiropractor return?
A removed chiropractor can apply to be restored once ten months have passed since the removal order. The Professional Conduct Committee considers the application.
How do I appeal a GCC decision?
To the High Court, the Court of Session in Scotland or the High Court in Northern Ireland, within 28 days of notice of the decision being served.
What CPD do chiropractors need?
At least 30 hours a year, 15 of them learning with others, plus a focused reflection, a reflective learning statement and an evaluation of your learning.
Is there a mediation option for complaints?
Yes. Since September 2026 a free Chiropractic Complaints Mediation Service pilot, run by Nockolds Resolution, can handle some suitable complaints. Serious or safety concerns stay in fitness to practise.
Do I have to tell the GCC if I am arrested or convicted?
Yes, within 7 days, including arrests and charges where proceedings are ongoing, convictions, cautions, reprimands, warnings and most fixed penalty notices. A late notification is automatically referred to the Investigating Committee.
Can I leave the register during a complaint?
No. Voluntary removal is only available when there are no current fitness to practise proceedings, and you must make a statutory declaration that you know of no matter that could lead to an allegation.
Are GCC hearings public?
Yes. They are held by video conference, open to the public, and the allegations are published on the GCC website 28 days before. Parts involving intimate information, children or vulnerable adults can be private.
Can chiropractors take routine X-rays?
Routine or pre-scheduled repeat X-rays are "likely to be considered rarely appropriate" under GCC guidance in force from January 2026. Each exposure must be justified, with net benefit and compliance with IR(ME)R 2017.
How often should a care plan be reviewed?
The 2026 Code requires you to continuously monitor progress, reassess formally at regular intervals using recognised outcome measures, and agree and record any change with the patient.
Is there support for chiropractors under investigation?
Yes. A free 24/7 careline and up to six counselling sessions, run independently by CiC, are available at all stages.
Primary sources
25 official documents, laws and judgments
- GCC: Fitness to Practise Annual Report 2025
- GCC: Annual Report 2025
- GCC: Concerns about a chiropractor
- GCC: The Code of Professional Practice
- GCC: Guidance on claims made for the chiropractic vertebral subluxation complex (2026)
- GCC: Diagnostic Imaging Guidance (2026)
- GCC: Notifying us of convictions, cautions, reprimands and warnings
- GCC: Leaving the register
- GCC: Hearings
- GCC: Learnings on reassessment of care plans and subluxation claims (April 2025)
- GCC: Learnings on delivering difficult news (July 2024)
- GCC: Proposed Sanctions Guidance, consultation edition (June 2026)
- GCC: CPD guidance
- GCC: Fitness to practise learnings, cooperating with an investigation
- GCC: Chiropractic Complaints Mediation Service pilot
- GCC: Emotional support service for registrants
- GCC: PSA review 2024-25
- Chiropractors Act 1994, section 8 (restoration)
- Chiropractors Act 1994, section 20 (allegations)
- Chiropractors Act 1994, section 21 (Investigating Committee interim suspension)
- Chiropractors Act 1994, section 22 (sanctions)
- Chiropractors Act 1994, section 24 (interim suspension)
- Chiropractors Act 1994, section 31 (appeals)
- Chiropractors Act 1994, section 37 (indemnity)
- PSA v General Chiropractic Council and Briggs [2014] EWHC 2190 (Admin)
